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BitVM3 Protocol: Exploring Optimization of Off-Chain Computation and Verification Mechanisms on Bitcoin

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#Bitcoin
吴说
412Words
Jun 18, 2025

Wu Shuo has learned that BitVM founder Robin Linus tweeted introducing the BitVM3 protocol, which uses optimistic computation and Garbled Circuit technology to compress the on-chain footprint of SNARK proof verification from 2~4 million bytes in BitVM2 to 56 thousand bytes (assertTx) and 200 bytes (disproveTx), improving efficiency by over 1000 times.

It is understood that BitVM was first proposed by Robin Linus in 2023, aiming to bring complex computation and smart contract functionality to Bitcoin. Its core concept is "optimistic computation," meaning computations are assumed to be completed off-chain by default, and only verified on-chain through transactions in case of disputes.

Robin Linus also leads the BitVM Alliance, whose members include Fiamma, Zerosync, Element Labs, Citrea, among others.

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